TRIAD KRR

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Triad KRR
 adalah Tiga Risiko Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja. Triad KRR adalah tiga hal yang harus dihindari remaja agar fungsi, komponen dan proses reproduksi baik secara fisik, mental dan sosial tetap sehat. Tiga hal tersebut adalah: Freesex (seks bebas) yang menyebabkan pernikahan dini dan KTD, Napza (Narkotika Psikotropika dan Zat Adiktif lainnya), dan HIV/AIDS (Human Immunodeviciency Virus / Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome).

Tiga Risiko Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja diantaranya adalah:

Free Sex (Seks Bebas)

Seks bebas adalah tindakan melakukan hubungan seks pranikah atau melakukan dengan bergantian pasangan tanpa suatu ikatan yang sah baik secara hukum agama, maupun hukum negara. Adapun risiko yang bisa terjadi dari tindakan seks bebas, diantaranya;

Kehamilan Tidak Diinginkan (KTD), kehamilan diluar nikah sehingga tidak sedikit pelaku yang    menggugurkan kandungannya.

Tertular penyakit IMS (Inveksi Menular Seksual), IMS atau PMS (Penyakit Menular Seksual) adalah penyakit yang dapat ditularkan melalui aktivitas seksual seperti: HIV, Sifilis, Trichomoniasis, Herpes, Klamida Dsb.

Berdampak psikis sebagaimana tidak lagi berpikir membentuk keluarga, punya anak, memikul tanggung jawab. Mereka hanya menginginkan di atas kebebasan semu. Selalu sibuk dengan khayalan-khayalan seksual sehingga jadi pemalas, sulit berkonsentrasi, bengong, ngelamun, badan kurus dan kejiwaan menjadi tidak stabil.

Melemahkan perekonomian karena menurunnya produktifitas akibat kondisi fisik dan mental yang menurun dan penghamburan harta untuk memenuhi nafsu seks bebasnya.

Dalam seks bebas dikenal dengan istilah KNPI, yaitu: Kissing, Necking, Petting, Intercourse. Tindakan ini biasanya dilakukan oleh remaja yang pacaran yang bisa menyebabkan seks pranikah.

NAPZA

Napza, Narkotika, Psikotropika, dan Zat adiktif lainnya, adalah jenis-jenis zat yang bisa berupa obat-obatan, makanan, atau minuman yang dapat membahayakan kondisi tubuh jika disalahkonsumsikan. Remaja dengan emosi yang masih labil, tidak bisa mengontrol diri, biasanya rawan untuk menggunakan Napza sebagai sumber penenang, tapi hal ini sangat salah untuk dilakukan karena dapat merusak dan menurunkan kondisi kesehatan tubuh. Ada macam-macam Napza dengan berbagai dampak, yang biasanya disalahgunakan oleh korban remaja.

Berikut beberapa jenis narkoba dan bahayanya bagi tubuh:

1. Morfin

Berasal dari kata ‘morpheus’ yang berarti ‘dewa mimpi’, morfin adalah alkaloid analgesik kuat yang ditemukan pada tanaman opium. Jenis narkoba ini bekerja langsung pada sistem saraf pusat, sebagai penghilang rasa sakit. 

2. Heroin (Putaw)

Narkoba jenis ini dihasilkan dari pengolahan morfin secara kimiawi. Namun, reaksi yang ditimbulkan heroin bisa lebih kuat dari morfin, sehingga zat ini sangat mudah menembus ke otak.

3. Ganja (Kanabis/Marijuana)

Ganja, yang bernama lain Cannabis sativa synCannabis Indica, adalah tumbuhan budidaya yang menghasilkan serat dan kandungan zat narkotika pada bijinya. Narkoba jenis ini dapat membuat pemakainya mengalami euforia, yaitu rasa senang berkepanjangan tanpa sebab. 

Sebenarnya, tanaman ganja telah dikenal manusia sejak lama. Seratnya biasa digunakan sebagai bahan pembuat kantung, dan bijinya digunakan sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan minyak. Namun belakangan, negara-negara beriklim dingin pun mulai banyak membudidayakan tanaman dini dengan cara mengembangkannya di rumah kaca. 

4. Kokain

Kokain adalah jenis narkoba yang berasal dari tanaman Erythroxylon coca, dari Amerika Selatan. Daun tanaman ini biasanya dimanfaatkan untuk mendapatkan efek stimulan, yaitu dengan cara dikunyah. Kokain dapat memicu metabolisme sel menjadi sangat cepat. 

5. LSD (Lysergic Acid)

LSD adalah jenis narkoba yang tergolong halusinogen. Biasanya berbentuk lembaran kertas kecil, kapsul, atau pil. 

6. Opium (Opiat)

Opium adalah jenis narkoba yang berbentuk bubuk. Narkoba jenis ini dihasilkan dari tanaman bernama papaver somniferum. Kandungan morfin dalam bubuk ini biasa digunakan untuk menghilangkan rasa sakit.

HIV dan AIDS

Dua risiko diatas juga akan kemungkinan menyebabkan tertularnya HIV dan AIDS. HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) adalah virus yang menyerang sistem kekebalan tubuh yang selanjutnya melemahkan kemampuan tubuh melawan infeksi dan penyakit. Obat atau metode penanganan HIV belum ditemukan. Dengan menjalani pengobatan tertentu, pengidap HIV bisa memperlambat perkembangan penyakit ini, sehingga pengidap HIV bisa menjalani hidup dengan normal. AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) adalah kondisi di mana HIV sudah pada tahap infeksi akhir. Ketika seseorang sudah mengalami AIDS, maka tubuh tidak lagi memiliki kemampuan untuk melawan infeksi yang ditimbulkan.

Di negara Indonesia, penyebaran dan penularan HIV paling banyak disebabkan melalui hubungan intim yang tidak aman dan bergantian menggunakan jarum suntik yang tidak steril saat memakai narkoba. Seseorang yang terinfeksi HIV dapat menularkannya kepada orang lain, bahkan sejak beberapa minggu sejak tertular. Semua orang berisiko terinfeksi HIV.

Meskipun sampai saat ini belum ada obat untuk menyembuhkan HIV, tetapi ada jenis obat yang dapat memperlambat perkembangan virus. Jenis obat ini disebut antiretroviral (ARV). ARV bekerja dengan menghilangkan unsur yang dibutuhkan virus HIV untuk menggandakan diri dan mencegah virus HIV menghancurkan sel CD4. Jenis obat ARV memiliki berbagai varian, antara lain Etravirine, Efavirenz, Lamivudin, Zidovudin, dan juga Nevirapine.

Selama mengonsumsi obat antiretroviral, dokter akan memonitor jumlah virus dan sel CD4 untuk menilai respons pengidap terhadap pengobatan. Hitung sel CD4 akan dilakukan tiap 3–6 bulan. Sedangkan pemeriksaan HIV RNA, dilakukan sejak awal pengobatan, lalu dilanjutkan tiap 3–4 bulan selama masa pengobatan.

Pencegahan HIV dan AIDS

Terdapat berbagai upaya yang bisa dilakukan untuk mencegah penularan HIV dan AIDS, antara lain:

1. Hindari berhubungan intim dengan lebih dari satu pasangan.

2. Bersikap jujur kepada pasangan jika mengidap positif HIV, agar pasangan juga menjalani tes HIV.

3. Diskusikan dengan dokter jika didiagnosis positif HIV saat hamil, mengenai penanganan selanjutnya,     dan perencanaan persalinan, untuk mencegah penularan dari ibu ke janin.

4. Bersunat untuk mengurangi risiko infeksi HIV.

Jika menduga baru saja terinfeksi atau tertular virus HIV, seperti setelah melakukan hubungan intim dengan pengidap HIV, maka harus segera ke dokter. Agar bisa mendapatkan obat post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) yang dikonsumsi selama 28 hari dan terdiri dari 3 obat antiretroviral.

 Nah jadi lebih faham kan tentang tiga risiko kesehatan reproduksi remaja? Hindari ya!!!

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